1989 - Dixon, Manley. The Dixon Diaries 1850 and 1860 - Manley Dixon's JOURNAL OF EVENTS, p [21-40]

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Manley Dixon's JOURNAL OF EVENTS

Sunday Sept 2nd 1860 = today, my dear Mother in law Sophie, Matty & Diston sailed for Nelson in the Airedale; general muster at the alarm posts at 1/2 3am. Yesterday W. C. King's house burnt by rebels Mr Ginger (father in law) on picket tonight at the church. H.M.S. Fawn put to sea. weather fine

Monday Sept 3rd = Attended parade at 9am On picket tonight at the 40th Regt camp. Went to see Richard Foreman who was better. Mr G & two sons went on escort to Omata. On falling in this evening found that instead of going on picket, we were to form part of an expedition to surprise some 3 or 400 of the rebels at Capt Bartons Hill Omata. We were served with 60 rounds each & marched out about 11pm in 3 parties, Volunteers, soldiers and Blue Jackets with 124 pr and 2 mortars. V Rifles halted within 2 miles of the place and awaited daylight; night was very cold.

Tuesday Sept 4th Fell under arms at daylight and awaited instructions from the other parties when news arrived that the Rebels had retired the previous evening, so our expedition was nought. Friendly natives doubtless having given them notice, however we proceeded on to their position, our line of March marked by ruin & desolation. On arriving found the Birds flown, but recently as their traces were fresh, so we destroyed their huts and proceeded back to town which we reached about 1pm jaded and tired. Poor Mrs Bayly died this morning. She soon followed my beloved wife. She was our neighbour at Patea. Day fine but cold wind.

Wednesday Sept 5th Splendid day, attended parade at 9am; warned for picket at Adam's Stable, Mr G for Hammerton's House. White Swan (s) arrived from Wellington for another cargo of women and children for Nelson. Rec my pay 6 pounds being one pound eleven shillings for the month and back field pay and lodging money seventeen and six still due; The "Wonga Wonga" (s) arrived.

Thursday Sept 6th. At work in the trenches on Marsland Hill all day. Airdale (s) arrived from Nelson. Mr G received a letter from his wife. Major came up from Waitara and returned in the afternoon with 10 of the Mounted Escort. John on picket at Hammerton's House. White Swan (s) sailed for Nelson with families on board. Day fine but cold wind from the S. E. Capt W. C. King put under arrest.

Friday Sept 7th Bitter cold wind today. At work in the trenches until dinner time. Tasmanian Maid came up from Waitara. Mr Leech, Custom House Officer, died this morning.

Saturday Sept 8th Attended parade at 9am On picket tonight at Adam's Stable. The 12th relieved at the Bell Block.Weather rather milder than of late.

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Sunday Sept 9th Splendid day. Came off picket at 6am Carts busy carrying ammunition for Waitara per Wonga Wonga Mr G on picket at Fort Stapp. Will at the Blacksmith's Shop and John for Reg Patrol. 1 week today since Mrs Ginger and family left for Nelson. Fell in at the alarm posts at 1/2 3AM Men called out from the V Rifles to accompany an expedition down to the Waitara (50 men chosen)

Monday Sept 10th The Expedition started at 12 o'clock, 1500 of all arms. We camped within 4 miles of the Waitara Camp after a hot and tedious march of 12 miles having to carry rations, extra clothing and 60 rounds of ball cartridges. Had to go on outlying picket directly I arrived, the Rebels stationed 3 miles in our front.

Tuesday Sept 1th Struck camp at 2am and started in 3 divisions by different routes to surround some Pas, Volunteer Rifles leading the advance followed by a division of the 40th Regt, reached our positions on the right flank of No 1 Pa 2 hours before daybreak when the artillery and Waitara Division under Major Nelson arrived and opened fire. When on rushing it, it was found deserted by the Enemy, apparently that same night as fires were still smouldering. We then proceeded on to No 2 Pa, a very strong structure with bomb proof rifle pits and found that deserted. We pulled both down and fired them, dead sheep taken from the settlers lying about in hundreds. We then proceeded to No 3 Pa (Huirangi) about 2 miles in front situated directly in front of heavy bush and apparently deserted. The skirmishers of No 2 division (40th) amd some friendly natives entered it and passing out into the bush received a heavy fire from the enemy in ambush, concealed in rifle pits. They returned the fire and retired, losing one man (unfortunately left behind). The big guns opened on the bush with shot and shell, and for a time silenced the enemy, but it was deemed advisable not to attack the Bush so after some skirmishing in which the Volunteer Rifles took part and who stood fire with the coolness of old soldiers, we succeeded in firing the Pa and to our disgust retired back to the Waitara camp at 1/2 3pm and being tired were glad to pitch our tents and turn in. 40th Regt much disheartened. No military strategy being shown whatever (Victoria & Lord Ashley arrived)

Wednesday Sept 12th Forces had orders to return back to town, to our surprise as we were prepared for a 2nd attack so had to strike tents amd left about 9 o'clock during pouring rain which continued without interruption the whole day, we reached town about 5 o'clock after a long and fatiguing march as we were the rear guard and had to keep pace with the Bullock carts. Will and John on picket.

Thursday Sept 13th Weather still wet. Airedale (s) arrived from Nelson. Lord Ashley (mail steamer) sailed for Sydney. Mr G had a letter from his wife

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Friday Sept 14th Attended Parade at 1/2 8; told off for Regt patrol from 5 till 8 in the evening. Airedale sails for Nelson this afternoon with refugees. On falling in at picket line found I was not wanted so came home rejoiced. The Wonga Wonga (s) sailed for Auckland. Commodore Loring C. B. went by her on his way to England. Day fine.

Saturday Sept 15th Attended parade as usual; told off for Hammerton's House (20 men and officers) John at work in the trenches; day fine, wet in the evening.

Sunday 16th Came off picket at 6am Pouring rain all day and no falling in at the alarm posts. John on picket at Adam's Stable. Will on the sick list. HMS Faun arrived from Wellington

Monday Sept 17th Fine calm day; attended parade as usual (1/2 8am) Articles of war read out for our benefit, also a letter from the ladies of Canterbury praising the Volunteer Rifles for their gallant conduct, and begging them to accept some clothing made by them for our use. As some acknowledgement in the afternoon the fine band of the 40th played on parade. Tasmanian Maid. (s) came up twice from Waitara. No news. The Faun sailed for Wellington.

Tuesday Sept 18th Splendid day. attended parade as usual, Told off for Escort to Broadmores to fetch in firewood, a party of the 40th went on escort to W C King's, on our return at 3pm, told to fall in tomorrow at 6am to form part of an expedition against the rebels. Mr G on picket tonight at Hammertons.

Wednesday Sept 19th Fell in with my company of rifles at 1/2 6am and marched South (500 men of all arms) with 2 24pr and 1 24pr rocket tube, to meet the rebels who had taken up a position at Tataraimaka, and erected 8 strong Pas - We reached the Oakura River about 3pm where we camped for the night, wet through as it poured with rain the whole way. We met with several strong positions consisting of rifle pits made shell proof which the rebels had abandoned.

Thursday Sept 20th Fine day, Struck camp at 5am and moved onto Tatra. The 12th formed the advance guard in skirmishing order. 65th next division and V Rifles rear guard to protect guns and carts, much to our disgust. Reached Tatra about 8am and found the enemy had abandoned their Pas the previous evening. So we set to work to destroy them. They were very strong with pits and chambers dug out of the solid earth. The Block is a scene of desolation/ every house destroyed and fences burnt. We then moved on to their next positions at Kihi Kihi, and with difficult got the guns and baggage up the steep hills. When we arrived, found their Pa in too strong a position to be attacked without reinforcements to surround it so returned to within a couple of miles of the

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Block and camped. The officer in command, Major Hutchins of the 12th sending back despatches asking for more troops and 2 58prs. When we were pitching the tents, some of the Enemy in ambush fired 2 volleys at us without effect. We set to work and threw up turf banks around each tent.

Friday Sept 21st Wind from the SW cold and stormy, Remained encamped all day. No appearance of the Enemy.

Saturday Sept 22nd Weather finer. Still in camp waiting further instructions from Head Quarters. In the afternoon, the friendly Natives (about 20 who accompanied the Expedition) had a small skirmish with the Enemy who retired. Saw a large Steamer off. John and I on guard tonight.

Sunday Sept 23rd Still in camp, weather beautiful. Some of the V Rifles went out pig hunting and succeeded in getting 6 fine fat ones which was a nice addition to our camp rations. Early in the morning, a small herd of cattle had been observed about a mile off coming out of the bush so the Mounted Escort with a Company of the 12th went out to try and bring them in and succeeded in getting 13, 5 of which belonged to Mr Ginger and the remainder to other settlers, all having been driven off our farms by the rebels. I sold two of the cows to the Contractor, the remainder were to be driven up to town, but from some neglect they escaped and got back to the Bush. We are all anxiety to break up camp and follow in pursuit of the Enemy, when to our surprise, a despatch came from town ordering us back directly as the Waikatos were expected down from the North. Paraded at 2pm for Divine Service. Major Hutchins officiating.

Monday Sept 24th Splendid day; Struck camp at 5am and moved back to town setting this down in our own minds as another fruitless expedition. 12th Advance Guard burnt some native huts and halted for an hour at Oakura, where grog was served out, proceeded on to Omata Stockade where we picked up some men, and finally reached town about 1/2 2PM, very tired. Jenny came to see us, Charles remained at the Stockade as Doctor. Mr G on picket at B shop.

Tuesday Sept 25th attended parade at 1/2 8am HMS Fawn arrived, the Niger yesterday, the Wonga Wonga (s) arrived from Nelson bring that and the English Mail, rec two letters, one from dear Susan and one from Aunt Catharine. Mr G received a letter from his wife, all well, day fine, but cold wind.

Wednesday Sept 26th Attended parade as usual, told off for Regt Patrole. Niger sailed south, Wonga Wonga (s) for Auckland. Arrived Brig Shamrock; yesterday the remainder of the 40th regt left for Waitara, we are trying to get a house but without success. Paid Shaw five pound thirteen shillings. Day fine but cold wind.

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Thursday Sept 27th Day fine but cold SE wind, attended Parade told off for picket at Blacksmith's Shop. Mr G for Fort Shapp did my four hours of sentry go from 8 till 12 when the Sergeant let me go home. The Airdale (s) arrived from Nelson, Capt Atkinson returned in her.

Friday Sept 28th Fine but cold wind. John on picket at Hammerton's house. Airedale sailed for Auckland, drew our ration coal and found they had stopped 40 lbs for the time I was on the Expedition South, very shabby, as they gave us no equivalent, having to get our firewood the best way we could.

Saturday Sept 29th. Beautiful day, wind having moderated, attended Parade and told off for work, raising parapets at the 12th Regt Campp. Worked till 12PM left at 3PM Niger (ss) arrived from a cruise, great talk of another expedition South, The band of the 65th played on Parade. Mr G went to see Matheson about the house and he is willing to let it for 6 months at 5s a week.

Sunday Sept 30th Fine but cold wind from SE. Attended Parade, told off for waiting man, attended Muster Parade at 1/2 3PM inspected by Maj Gen Pratt, detachment of the 12th came in from Bell Block, fire broke out in Carrock's house, but soon got under. In the morning, the Gunboat "Caroline" arived from Auckland with despatches, and sailed for that piece in company with the Niger, with Seamen and Marines. News came that there had been a skirmish at the Waitara and 5 of the 40th wounded.

Monday October 1st Fine; attended Parade; warned for Picket at Hammerton's house. General Muster at 1/2 8AM Articles of war read out, before dismissal a lottery took place between the Militia and Volunteer Rifles for the different articles sent to them by the Ladies of Canterbury, each man getting something. I drew a Bottle of Old Tom and cloth cap and pr socks, only rec the latter articles as the Spirit was not allowed to be served out to us. Wonga Wonga (s) arrived from Manukau. Part of the 40th came in from Waitara.

Tuesday Oct 2nd day fine. Came off picket at 5am. The names of those of the Militia to form part of the Expedition South posted on the Militia Office. Myself and John included, to start tomorrow at 1/2 6AM. Mr G on picket tonight at Hammertons.

Wednesday Oct 3rd Day set in so wet that of course the Expedition South is put off. Will is on Regt guard, John at Hammertons

Thursday Oct 4th Day stormy, attended Parade, General order read out respecting the Expedition, also short address from Maj Gen Gold Com. the forces on his giving up the Command, Expressing his admiration of the good and soldierly conduct

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of the Militia under such trying circumstances and expressing his best wishes for their welfare. Muster in the trenches countermanded.

Friday Oct 5th. Bitterly cold and boisterous. Attended Parade at 1/2 5AM Rec my pay 2 pounds 10 shillings. Took my watch to Knight to be repaired. Jane called to see us. Schooner arrived towards evening, a large barque in the offing.

Saturday Oct 6th Fine, attended Parade, warned for Picket at Hammerton's - the Schooner that came in yesterday was the "Heron" and the Barque the "Balmoral" windbound on her road to Callao. The Wonga Wonga (s) went a trip some distance down the coast to look after the enemy.

Sunday Oct 7th Attended the General Parade at 1/2 3PM Col Mould R. E. inspected; all three on picket tonight, but myself; day fine Airedale arrived from Auckland.

Monday Oct 8th day fine, attended parade. Airedale left for Nelson warned for the expedition South to start at 6am tomorrow. A party of soldiers brought in a rebel prisoner taken by the friendly natives at the Waiwakio. Volunteer Rifles had a meeting in town praying Capt Shapp, the junior Capt to command us on the expedition. Granted

Tuesday Oct 9th Fine, left town at 1/2 6am 1000 rank and file after a pleasant march reached Tatra about 2pm and camped on T Bayly's farm. Maj General Pratt C. B. commands the expedition.

Wednesday Oct 10th fine. Struck camp at 4am and started for Kihikihi at Gam. 65th advance guard reached Kihikihi 9am and pitched camp about 1000 yards from the rebel's Pas 3 in number. 20 men of the V Rifles told off to assist in throwing up earthworks. Reconnoitring party sent out and fired upon by the enemy concealed in rifle pitts, 25 rank and file of V Rifles told off for expedition tomorrow.

Thursday Oct 11th Rifles started at 6am with detachment of 65th and 12th Regts to take up a position in front of the Pahs and throw up breastworks. In the afternoon 150 friendly natives under Parris and Good went in front of our camp to burn fern, at 10am Skirmishers from the entrenchments on the right proceeded up to the Pahs and after some firing retired, casualties 6 wounded. Capt Paisly, R. E. in the leg, got the 58pr in position about 12PM with 1 24pr howitzer, 1 12pr and our mortar. In the evening landed ammunition from the Wonga Wonga (s) Weather fine

Friday Oct 12th John and I on guard last night and this morning told off to go with a working party of 25 Men (VR) to

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the Breastworks on the right and found the Engineers under Col Mould R. E. busy making approaches to the Pah meaning to blow it up, when a party of friendly natives were sent out to reconnoitre the Pa and returned to say they believed the Pa to be empty and the rebels to have taken to the Bush in the rear. When preparation was made to storm it, the working party accompanying, with axes and billhooks, on rushing it after throwing in 3 shells, found it had been deserted during the night, it was a very strong one, full of covered rifle pitts, and each face of the Pah covered with a matting of fern leaves. Having destroyed this proceeded to No 2 Pah, a much stronger one and destroyed that likewise, with a quantity of potatoes, and Minerapas wheat stacks. We could see the Pah the rebels had retired to 3 miles off on the edge of the Forest, we then destroyed our own entrenchments, and returned to camp very tired. My part of the spoil was 4 china tea cups and 1 saucer. The Cordelia, 11 guns, and the Victoria, bringing Col Wyatt 65th, anchored off our position. The Lord Worsely Mail Packet passed on to town from Nelson. Day fine/

Saturday Oct 13th Day set in wet. Orders to strike camp at 4am and proceed back to town at 7am, the General receiving information that a formidable body of Waikatos were on their road to Waitara, and the town being much weakened by our absence, otherwise we would have proceeded on and followed the rebels up. V Rifles formed the rear guard, and 60th Light company reserve. Reached town at 8pm very tired after a march of 20 miles, skirmishing as far as the Oakura over a difficult country. Mr G received a letter from his Wife, all were well. Yesterday Capt Watt ? sent down a cask of Ale for us which gave each man 1/2 a pint.

Sunday Oct 14th Fine, but strong gale from the SE. Attended Muster parade at 1/2 3pm and inspected by the new Col of the 65th Col Wyatt who had relieved Maj General Gold in command of the regiment.

Monday Oct 15th Splendid day; attended Parade; hired Mr Young's house by the week and moved in some of our things. Some of the 40th went to Waitara; at 2pm John and I went with a working party to make a Butt for target practice tomorrow, which is ordered to be at 1/2 5am.

Tuesday Oct 16th Beautiful day.; rose at 5am and carted our moveables to our new house, wh we take together with my sister in law, Mrs Rawson. Attended Parade at 1/2 8am. John and I told off for Picket at Hammerton's House. Major Gen Pratt went to Waitara per Wonga Wonga (s) and returned in the afternoon. The 40th Band played on the Parade. H.M.S. Cordelia and Victoria arrived.

Wednesday Oct 17th Rainy, Came off picket at am. Escort of 12th went to Bell Block. Court of Enquiry held on the rebel

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"Big Joe" Col Wyatt 65th President, Proclamation on the Bridge warning all people to sleep inside the trenches. The Cordelia put to sea; Mr G at Hammerton's House; an order issued that all those off duty be under arms in town 1/2 hour before daylight.

Thursday Oct 18th Showery. Will, inlaying picket, attended Parade at 1/2 8am and told off with John for Inlaying Picket wh means that we are supposed to remain under arms all night and assemble in town at 4am, 1/2 an hour before daylight. 30 of the Militia told off for this duty. Attended Muster Parade at 1/2 3pm Maj Gen Pratt inspecting. Will, on Picket at Hammerton's got my watch from Knights. Jane took possession of her two rooms, dug up some of our garden.

Friday Oct 19th Fine; attended Inlaying Picket at 4am and parade at 1/2 8am; told off for Picket at Fort Shapp; last night, 4 of the soldiers wives raupo huts burnt down; sowed some turnips in the garden.

Saturday Oct 20th Showery; came off Picket at 1/2 5am; news arrived that the Waikatos had crossed the Waitara in force. Detachment of 65th relieved the 12th at Bell Block; some of the 40th went to Waitara; planted a few potatoes, went to see about my stove; John at Hammertons.

Sunday Oct 21st Attended parade. Mr G and Will inlaying picket. Muster parade at 1/2 3pm Col Gould R. E. inspected. Wonga Wonga (s) came in from cruise; Tasmanian Maid from Waitara; day fine.

Monday Oct 22nd Fine, attended Parade, told off with Will for Church Picquet; orders read out that in future, the duties will fall in at 1/4 to 5pm and parade in front of Brigade Office. No 1 and 2 Rifles formed into squads for rifle instruction. Escort went to Mongarai. Peter Hoskin died this morning. The Escort returned about 5pm and brought in a quantity of cattle and sheep. Party of the 40th took up their quarters on Mt Elliot; Wonga Wonga came up from Waitara.

Tuesday Oct 23rd Fine, came off Picket at 1/2 5am John for Hammerton's House. Charles Rawson came in from Omata Stockade, helped Fr? with his land. Tasmanian Maid came up from Waitara. No news. Wonga Wonga sailed for Wanganui and Wellington. 65th band played in parade.

Wednesday Oct 24th Day mild and showery; attended parade; warned with Mr G for Inlaying Piquet but relieved from falling in tomorrow at 4am but remain under arms all night to be ready at a moments warning at 5am. A party of 200 soldiers started for Bell Block to destroy some old Pahs and returned at 6pm Charles returned to Omata. Mr Hulke put under arrest, Traveller's Bride arrived from Auckland and T Maid from Waitara; no news.

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Thursday Oct 25th Fine, attended parade warned for Hammerton's House. Escort went to Smart's Farm. Muster parade at the Alarm Posts at 1/2 3pm Gen Pratt inspecting. Ronalds drank tea with us.

Friday Oct 26th Pouring rain; came off guard at 1/2 5am John warned for Church picket and Mr G for Hammerton's House. Cleared up in the afternoon; 40th Band played on parade. Wonga Wonga arrived from Wanganui, all quiet, she brings sheep. Brig off, supposed to be the Shamrock, Tas Maid sailed for Waitera. News came in that 600 Waikatos had joined W Kingi; Notice posted on the Bridge that from information received, no person was to go beyond the outposts. Ronalds passed the evening with me.

Saturday Oct 27th = Day wet till about 12pm; attended parade; at 10 o'clock last night the glare of fire was seen in the direction of Bell Block. This morning we learn that 6 houses on the Block belonging to Messrs John, Joseph and Richard Street, J Hirst sen, E Hollis and A Hoskin were burnt by the Natives. Between 10 and 11 lights were seen in another house, when 2 shells were thrown from the Stockade by the 24pr howitzer which is supposed to have driven off the rebels and prevented the firing of this house. The cutter Will Watch and a small schooner arrived.

Sunday Oct 28th Fine; warned for Inlaying Picket; Muster Parade at 1/2 3pm Col Wyatt 65th inspecting; 50 men of the Rifles to form part of a reconnoitering party. Myself, John and Will among the number. News that the Rebels are gathering about the town last night, 2 more houses burnt at Bell Block, Hulls and Everetts.

Monday Oct 29th Beautiful day. Started on our Expedition about 8am with 200 of the 40th & 12th; reached the Bell Block house about 10am and proceeded (being joined by 300 of the 65th under Capt Strange) to the Teina and Haipuka Pahs to try and find out the rendezvous of the Party of rebels who did so much destruction on the Block. We saw some and exchanged shots but could not induce them to leave the cover of the Bush, so we returned home wh we reached about 3pm. The Airedale arrived bringing the English mail but to my great disappointment no letter for me from Home, tho' a very affect, one from My dear Mother in Law, from Nelson (all well) Mr G on Picket at Hammerton's House.

Tuesday Oct 30th Day wet attended Parade, and Will and I warned for Hammerton's House. Mail made up for Nelson per Jupiter schooner; wrote to Mrs Ginger. Wonga put to sea.

Wednesday Oct 31st Day wet, went to parade at 1/2 8am and general muster parade at 2pm which always takes place on the last of the month. Draft of Militia drawn out for Omata Stockade. John on picket at Church, natives brought in a

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deserter from the 40th.

Thursday November 1st Showery, attended parade, warned for Inlaying Picket, Muster parade at the Alarm Posts at 1/2 3pm Col Wyatt 65th inspecting. Relief went to Bell Block. The deserter brought in yesterday proved to be a deranged soldier who had escaped from Hospital. Charles Rawson came in from Omata Stockade; received my monthly pay; 2 pounds 14 shillings and 3 pence.

Friday Nov 2nd Showery, attended parade at 1/2 8pm. Mr G warned for Fort Stapp. John and Will for Inlaying picket.

Saturday Nov 3rd Fine, with slight rain. The fall in bugle sounded at 5am and on going down, J, Will and I were caught for Escort, with 50 men in all of the VRs to proceed to the farms on the Franklyn road and to Pattersons Saw Mill. Capt W. C. King, commanding, brought in timber and other effects remaining when within 2 miles of the town, report of some rebels having been seen on S Smith's farm, so we returned and gave chase, but did not find them; reached town about 1/2 5pm Mr G Inlaying Picket.

Sunday Nov 4th Fine; attended parade at 1/2 8am John, Will and myself on picket tonight at Hammerton's; attended Muster parade at 1/2 3pm Maj Gen Pratt Inspecting.

Monday Nov 5th Came off picket at 1/2 5 and marched down to the beach to discharge our rifles; day gloomy, but fine. No news of any kind. Escort from Bell BLock.

Tuesday Nov 6th Fine. Last night Capt Stapp warned us to be ready by 5am to start for Mahoetai with a strong party of Military, to take possession of an old deserted Pa of that name; reached the spot about 9am and when within 200 yds of the Pa, found it occupied by a strong party of Waikatos, who opened fire. We had to take it by assault and drove them out. We lost 2 V Rifles, Frank Brown and Edgecumbe and 5 wounded; the 65th 2 men killed and 10 wounded. Loss of enemy, 31 killed and 5 wounded/ accounted for on the spot and 1 prisoner taken/. Among the slain were 3 chiefs; returned to town about 6am leaving no 3 & 4 companies of 65th in possession. Mr G on picket at the church.

Wednesday Nov 7th Fine attended parade at 1/2 8am Report that 17 more bodies of the Enemy found, (false report) Wonga sailed for Wellington; 2 of the wounded prisoners dead.

Thursday Nov 8th Fine attended parade at 1/2 8am; warned to attend the funerals of our poor comrades. Myself on the firing party. F Brown's funeral took place at 2pm in St Mary's Churchyard and Edgecumbes in the Methodists burial ground, the bands of the 40th 65th and V Rifles attending.Day fine.

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Friday Nov 9th Fine, attended Parade, warned for Blacksmith Shop Picket in the afternoon Corporal M'Donald came and warned Myself, John and Will, for Fort Murry one of the new block houses to be occupied by us on the withdrawal of 400 troops for Auckland, the Niger and Victoria arriving from the latter place for that purpose. Charles Rawson came in from Omata.

Saturday Nov 10th Wet and stormy. Niger & Victoria put to sea so the troops did not start. Poor Hawkins body was brought in from Mahoetai, he having been shot by the rebels on the Thursday previous while looking for cattle.

Sunday Nov 11th. Fine, attended Parade also Muster at the Alarm posts at 1/2 3pm and told off for a firing party over Hawkins grave. Mr G on Picket at Adam's Stable. Myself at B Shop.

Monday Nov 12th Fine, the Mail packet "Prince Alfred" arrived from Nelson for Sydney. Wrote to Fanny and sent Papers to Mr Le Sueur. The troops Light Company 65th and 280 40th left for Auckland, V Rifle Band playing them off. We were sorry to lose the Light Company 65th as we fought and lost our comrades together at Mahoetai. Rec a letter from Mr G, all well. Charles Rawson returned to Omata. Picket have to sleep inside the trenches.

Tuesday Nov 13 Beautiful day, attended parade at 1/2 8am warned for church picket, The Prince Alfred sailed for Sydney. Mr G on picket at Adams Stable.

Wednesday Nov 14 Came off picket at 5am Morn wet, fine in the afternoon, a soldier of the 65th was buried today oomn the Roman Catholic cemetary. He had been wounded at Waitara, when on a working party and died on Sunday. Took a stroll with Mr G and visited the Rev Govett's garden, very nicely laid out and the fruit trees in full bearing.

Thursday Nov 15th Fine attended parade Mr G in Wes Chapel ordered to attend a General parade at 3pm The Duties also to parade at Brigade Office at 10am. On going down at 3pm found the order for the trenches countermanded. Will came in from Murray Redoubt to see us. A Steamer signals, supposed to be the Victoria from Auckland

Friday Nov 16th Fine, attended parade, warned for Inlaying Picket, duties very heavy now; generally only one night in.

Saturday Nov 17th Fine but cold wind; came off picket at 4am

Sunday Nov 18th Fine; attended Parade and General Muster at 1/2 3pm Col Wyatt 65th inspecting. Mr G on church picket. Ronalds dined with us. Poor. J Hursthouse died 1st night. Charles Rawson rode in from Omata.

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Monday Nov 19th Fine, attended parade, warned for Inlaying Picket, C Rawson returned to Omata. The Gunboat Caroline, arrived from Auckland, with information that 800 Waikatos were on their way for this place, and that the troops who went to Auckland the other day were to come back immediately in the Niger. Heavy rain during the night.

Tuesday Nov 20th Came off Picket at 5am. Days very cold but fine; forgot to mention that J Hursthouse was buried yesterday in the Unitarian Cemetary beyond P Elliotts farm 2 1/2 miles from town. Strong escort told off to accompany. Large Brig arrived today from the South. Mr G on Inlaying Picket. John came in from Fort Murray.

Wednesday Nov 21st Fine; attended parade; warned as Waiting Man. Wonga arrived from Wanganui with sheep & cattle belonging to Treweek. The Brig of yesterday was from Sydney with cattle which she took on to Auckland. People are busy shearing what sheep they have left and collecting cattle. Victoria left for Auckland

THIS IS THE END OF THE FIRST SECTION OF THE DIARY, WRITTEN ON WHITE PAGES.

A FURTHER SECTION WRITTEN ON BLUE FOOLSCAP FOLLOWS, BUT ENDS IN MID SENTENCE.

THE WRITER HOWEVER SURVIVED INTO THE 20TH CENTURY BUT DID NOT REMARRY.

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CONTINUATION OF JOURNAL

THURSDAY NOVEMBER 22nd 1860 Day fine, attended Parade, warned for Church Picket. General muster in the trenches countermanded and the evening parade for the Duties to fall in at Brigade office at 1/2 6 PM giving us an hour extra which is a great boon as the Sun does not set before 8 PM

FRIDAY NOV 23rd Splendid day. Came off Picket at 5AM and brought the Mare home with one from Windsor's as Jane intended going to the Omata Stockade with the Mipses' Messenger when news came in that a young man named Bishop had been caught by a party of rebels at the Waiwakio and wounded in two places and had to run for his life. The party appear to have been a marauding one who are again making their appearance round the town, consequently the General has forbidden anyone going beyond the Outposts. These parties keep us in a constant state of worry, and as we live some distance outside the trenches it makes us anxious and we never go to bed without our rifles close at hand. Mr G. is on picket at the church.

SATURDAY Nov 24th Fine, attended Parade, warned for waiting, news from Waitara that the rebels are erecting a Pa.

SUNDAY Nov 25th Fine, attended Parade and told off for Regt Guard, 1 Corporal and 3 Privates. The friendly natives report that the Waikatos are driving off all the cattle and sheep within reach of the outskirts of the Bush, and we can do nothing to prevent them. Several shots were heard during the night. Supposed to be signals. Chas Messenger and Myself appointed Lance Corporals in No 2 Comp Rifles. The usual... muster in the trenches at 1/2 3 Pm

MONDAY Nov 26th Gloomy with slight rain. Came off guard at 9AM Mr G on Church Picket tonight.

TUESDAY Nov 27th Fine, attended Parade, warned for Picket at Adams Stable my first night on duty as Corporal.

WEDNESDAY Nov 28th Fine but windy, Came off picket at 5AM at that hour, some of the rebels burnt several houses near the bush about 1 mile off, among them, the handsome house of Lieut M Reckney, Militia, thus in the short space of an hour, destroying hundreds of pounds of Property, Not one of the rebels were seen, so stealthy are their movement. The troops returned today from Mahoetai, 200 65th being relieved by a party from Waitara Camp.

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THURSDAY Nov 29th Fine but windy, the Victoria arrived from Auckland and a brig from the South. By the former we learn that the 14th Regt did not leave home till the 8th Sept last. The Natives brought up some of the Settlers' cattle from Tatra. 1 cow belonged to Mr Ginger, who had to pay them 10s. Attended Parade at 1/2 8 AM Mr. G. on picket at Wesleyan Chapel. No Muster in the trenches this afternoon.

FRIDAY Nov 30th Fine, attended General Muster Parade at 9AM when the reliefs for Fort Murray and Henui Blockhouse were called out. John and Neill came in from the former and I am told off with 15 men for the latter, where we proceeded to at 4PM The Airdale arrived about 10AM bringing the English mail, rec letters from Susan and Fanny, also from Mrs Ginger and Diston.

SATURDAY December 1st Fine, found our new Blockhouse very comfortable We have a day and night guard who go on, 1 sentry at a time, relieving every 2 hours. Early this morning, the Niger, Capt Cracroft, arrived from Auckland with part of the troops 350 65th who went thence a short time ago and returned in the evening with the Victoria for the remainder, when the Niger left Auckland, the "Sir Robert Lowe" had just arrived with the head quarters of the 14th Regt (500) and the remainder were daily looked for.

SUNDAY December 2nd Day wet and stormy, the vessels in the roadstead put to sea.

MONDAY Dec 3rd Wet with thick fog. No news of importance

TUESDAY Dec 4th Thick fog. In the afternoon about 4Pm a young lad of the name of Sarten/brother to the one killed at Waitara) proceeded to the Hua, not much more than 1/2 a mile from our Blockhouse, in company with another lad, both on horseback in search of a pair of bullocks, when the former was fired upon by a party of rebels and fell wounded, when they barbarously tomahawked him. The body was brought in under a strong escort from town. We had double sentries on tonight as the Native from the friendly Pa fired an alarm twice during the evening.

WEDNESDAY Dec 5th Morning wet but cleared up towards the afternoon. The Victoria arrived with the 250 men of the 65th and 40th bringing also Maj Herbert back. Charles Dawson came in from the Omata Stockade. The Mounted Escort all sent in their resignation today owing to the appointment of F. Standish as Cornet in the force, Two small vessels in the offing.

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THURSDAY Dec 6th Day stormy. Airedale arrived from Auckland bringing back the Maori prisoners. She left for Nelson in the afternoon. 40 of our men left in her on leave to see their families. Relief went out to Bell Block.

FRIDAY Dec 7th Splendid day. Helped Segt Free to hoe his potatoes. 200 men went reconoitering and came upon a party of rebels who hastily decamped. 3 more men of No 1 Company joined us making 18 privates, 1 Serg & Corporal in all. The Hemis natives brought in a number of cattle from Bell Block.

SATURDAY Dec 8th - Fine, came home and did. some washing. Some of our fellows went to bath and 3 nearly got drowned in the ....... procured some fine fish from the Natives

SUNDAY Dec 9th Fine

MONDAY Dec 10th Blowing heavily from SE the rest of the 40th proceeded to Waitara at 5AM preparatory to operations commencing again against Wm Kingi who is supposed to have about 2000 men strongly entrenched We erected our new flag today. White with the initials T. V. R. in red letters.

TUESDAY Dec 11th Fine Reconnoitering party of 65th and 12th went to Bell Block. Saw no rebels. Capt Shapp rode up to the Blockhouse this evening and told us an expedition was to start tomorrow at 4AM and 40 of the rifles to go. Wrote a letter to Fanny

WEDNESDAY Dec 12th Fine, a large party of soldiers and some rifles went to Bell Block and brought in some potatoes belonging to the rebels, Wrote to Emma and Catharine. Expedition put off on account of the bad weather.

DECEMBER 25th Xmas Day had to take charge of the Blockhouse till Evening when I went home and passed a few hours with my Father-in-law and brothers. Charles came in from Omata Stockade and Fred Dawson was able to come and see us, his first visit since the Waireka where his leg was shattered, day wet and stormy.

DEC 26th WEDNESDAY = Yesterday the Tasmanian Maid which put to sea on Thursday, owing to the heavy weather, returned bringing the Oct Mail which she had taken from the Mail steamer outside Nelson Harbour. Rec

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letters from Susan, William and Frances, also a book from dear Fanny. Weather fine, with change of wind. Preparations making for the Expedition to Waitara. The T Maid employed conveying ammunition, provisions etc to Waitara.

THURSDAY Dec 27th It was signalled into town this morning that a number of natives were in the vicinity of Bell Block; they had been near the Vinia Pa and were driving off and shooting cattle. On the receipt of this intelligence a force of 300 men under Major Hutchins' 12th Regt left town. On reaching Bell Block the rebels decamped. Several fine head of cattle were found shot on the Block and about 30 head driven off. A steamer was sighted in the offing and proved to be the Victorian from Manukau with the Military Mail from England and Australia. The "Boanerges" had arrived in Auckland with 480 men and 14 officers of the 14 th Regt on the 22nd and the Tawera with munitions of war, on the same date. The "Robert Lowe" was to convey the detachment of the 14th on board the Boanerges to Napier and Wellington and bring the 65th from those places to Taranaki. The Expedition is to start tomorrow at 4AM The troops and volunteer Rifles at the Blockhouses relieved by Militia and 80 Volunteers and Militia detailed for the Service.

FRIDAY Dec 28th At an early hour this morning the troops detailed for the March were prepared to start. The attacking force against Matarikoriko and the enemy in its vicinity is to be commanded by M Gen Pratt C. B. in person. Only 47 of the Militia having mustered, they were dismissed and their number made up by troops from the 12th Regt. The forces reached the Camp at Waitara in the afternoon. The Rev Mr Wilson, lately from Auckland visited the Waikatos at Matarikoriko who refused to admit him in their Pa and told him they were prepared to meet the Gen tomorrow when he pleased. The troops were to leave the camp at 3AM tomorrow to commence the attack.

SATURDAY Dec 29 The Lord Ashley from the S Settlements anchored in the roadstead at 11 AM - 4PM Intelligence has just been received from Waitara. The General arrived in front of Matarikoriko at 6AM and while the men were engaged in pitching the camp were attacked in large force by the enemy out of a bush in rear of their Pa. A heavy fire was kept up by the Natives from numerous rifle pits in the vicinity and an attempt made to surround an advance party of the troops and two men. of the 40th and one of the Naval Brigade wounded. The Enemy had been driven back and the Artillery had kept up a heavy fire upon the rifle pits.

The Rebels were in considerable numbers. When our informant left, the

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firing had partially ceased, but it was renewed with increased vigour when he reached Bell Block and it was observed that part of the troops had got into position inland of the enemies' Pa. The Lord Ashley left for Manukau at 9AM

SUNDAY Dec 30th. The Tasmanian Maid came from Waitara this morning for ammunition, and shortly after a mounted volunteer from the Camp at Wairau. From these sources we have the following information. A heavy fire of small arms was maintained by both sides from 6AM yesterday morning until 2AM this morning, the enemy keeping close in a gully lined with rifle pits in high fern. The troops expended 70,000 rounds of rifle ammunition, Our casualties are 3 killed, two 40th on 65th and 21 wounded. The Rev Wm Wilson had gone over to the rebel camp and the general and the enemy had mutually agreed to suspend hostilities on the Sabbath and the Natives had in consequence hoisted a flag of truce this morning. Natives seen going about in search of dead and wounded. Firing had ceased. The 8 inch guns had not been used and the general was fortifying his camp. The T Maid left town immediately with ammunition. In the afternoon she returned bringing the wounded in yesterday's action - 15 were landed, 3 having been left at Waitara, too much hurt to be moved.

MONDAY Dec 31 - A telegram has been received that the Enemies Pa is in our possession, having been evacuated during the night. At 3PM a mounted Volunteer arrived in town, bringing the following letter wh will be read with interest

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The Rev Mr Wilson also arrived in town during the afternoon. The Rev gentleman has had several interviews with the enemy. The Waikatos are inland of the peach grove, and from their disheartened state he is of the opinion their loss is severe or that some Chief of Note is among the slain. Mr Wilson's mission was to persuade the enemy to spare the wounded and prisoners. He had a meeting with the "taua" and principal chiefs on the subject under the Karaka trees to the left of the peach grove this morning when they agreed to his proposals with the exception of Tapihana of the Ngatihikairo tribe of Hawia, and Hapurona, chief Of Huirangi, one of W Kingi's leading men who refused to do otherwise than their ancestors did. The rest however, protested against their opposition and told Mr Wilson to write their protest in a book and that these chiefs' opposition would be over ruled. Their position at Matarikoriko is described by all to have been very strong and must have employed them months in fortifying. The pits and breastworks in the gully are a mastpiece of engineering skill, their disposition and construction admirable and unless their loss was severe from shelling and shot, or they had run short of ammunitions, they would scarcely have evacuated them so suddenly and abandoned a Pa of singular strength before it was attacked.

TUESDAY JAN 1, 1861 - The Tasmanian Maid came up this morning. We have seen a letter from the camp dated yesterday from wh we copy the following graphic account of the Expedition to Kairau and particulars of the proceeding of the troops:-- The day we left town (28th) we arrived at Mahoetai about 7AM and halted an hour for breakfast, after wh we moved on by the road to the left of the Blockhouse, and crossed the Waioungana at the prophet's pa above the junction of the Mangoraka with the Waiongana. Fortunately the river was not too deep, but it would have been too deep the day before, and we arrived at Waitara Camp at 10AM

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and encamped near the Pa. We got orders to move at 4AM next morning and got on the road at that hour. Passed the site of the old pa and arrived at Nga taiparirua at 5.30 AM - Moved on the advance ground to Kairau, and commenced firing and throwing shells in the gully towards the pa at Matarikoriko. A working party commenced to make a redoubt and afer a short time (8.30 AM) the natives crept up through the fern and gave us a volley. A sharp fire until 9.30 and then all quiet until 12/30PM A heavy fire then commenced and continued all day and night.

One man of the 65th killed, and 1 Sergeant and 3 men wounded; 2 40th . killed and 14 wounded. 1 Naval Brigade wounded severely. The 65th fell in at 7AM and marched back to Camp Waitara with the Naval Brigade. Left the 12th and 40th in camp at Kairau, who were engaged with the enemy till 5. 30 next morning. All quiet Sunday. The fire on Saturday was most terrific, and well sustained on our side, which kept the rebels well in check. They fired out of rifle pits without showing themselves or taking aim, and the bullets went very high. Our people fired 70,000 rounds of ammunition and about 120 shell and case shots. The Rev Mr Wilson went down to them yesterday morning, and there was a truce all day. Mr Wilson's object was to get them to agree to spare the dead and wounded and after a good deal of parlaying, an agreement has been made to that effect. One old savage fellow (a chief) dissenting, but they will not mind him. In going over the riflepits, a splendid tomahawk, all bloody, and a pouch, a large knife and a pipe were found and various other articles. Two Maori letters were also found, one from "Taherei Terangi" to Wiremu Hoeta Kewi, and others in which he urges them to spare the women and children. This Morning intelligence was received that the enemy had evacuated their Pa and Positions, and 2 companies of the 65th and a few blue jackets rushed into it and hoisted the Union Jack, one of the Col of the 65th had for the purpose. A young fellow came over with Mr Wilson today to show his Father's and Uncle's graves. It had been fenced in. The enemy is determined to fight. The following names were found carved on calabashes -"Namahuta" and "Mihi" and in a riflepit "Kopuareti" -

The Tasmanian Maid left for Waitara with stores and returned at night. The Cordelia also came up bringing Col C D.A.G. Dr Mouat and some wounded men. Weather Fine.

WEDNESDAY JAN 2nd From another letter dated yesterday, we make the following extract:-- "We have filled in the riflepits and burned the Pa and whare near us. A fence has been erected around the graves of the chiefs and others (5 in number) 2 men of the 12th were wounded on Saturday, also 1 of the engineers and 2 artillerymen. The 65th and 40th who were killed were buried at Waitara Camp on Saturday. Mr Wilson says

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the Waikatos force is about 00 men, besides Wm Kingi's men. They don't appear to work together or to agree. Hapuroa was down at the fight and called out to us in the evening "not to go away" (a part of the force had returned to Waitara Camp) We gave them a shell down at the peach grove at 9.30 AM today (24 pounds) 1300yds distance. At 10 o'clock 100 men under Col Wyatt went over to the large pa to reconnoitre and returned at noon. We see a good many natives occasionally at the peach grove and they have quantities of rifle pits down there. The troops will be at them soon again and we suppose may go either to Pukerangiora or to Kingi's Pa" -

The Cordelia came up this morning and Mr O Carrington, Pro Surveyor and staff left in her, it is said to fix the position of Matarikoriko and other places taken from the enemy - A blockhouse is being erected on Matarikoriko, a position commanding the large plain around and will be permanently

HERE ENDED.